Types of Chemical Reactions

Precipitation Reactions: produce an insoluble solid product called a precipitate when two or more aqueous solutions are combined.

Acid Base Neutralization Reactions: produce salt, water, and sometimes a gas when an acid and base react with and neutralize one another; typically exothermic.

Oxidation-Reduction Reactions: electron transfer reactions; one substance loses electrons while the other gains electrons; charges will change; typically exothermic and gas producing.

Combustion Reactions: exothermic reactions producing carbon dioxide, water, and heat (flame) when hydrocarbons, metals, or nonmetals are reacted with molecular oxygen (O₂).

Gas Producing Reactions: involve the formation of a gas, vary but a few basic types include 1. combustion reactions (produced CO₂), 2. carbonate ion-acid reactions (produce CO₂), 3. acid-metal redox reactions (produce H₂), 4. ammonium-hydroxide decomposition (produces NH₃), 5. carbonic acid decomposition (produces CO₂), 6. sulfite-acid reaction (produces SO₂)

1. 2C₆H₆ (l)+ 15O₂ (g) → 12CO₂ (g) + 6H₂O (l)
2. CaCO₃ (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl₂ (aq) + H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
3. Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)
4. NH₄OH (aq) ↔ NH₃ (g) + H₂O (l)
5. H₂CO₃ (aq) → H₂O (l) + CO₂ (g)
6. K₂SO₃ (s) + 2HCl → SO₂ (g) + 2KCl (aq) + H₂O (l)